If you’ve noticed bulging, twisted veins—often blue or purple—on your legs or feet, you’re not alone.
These are known as varicose veins and commonly affect women, older adults, and people who spend long hours standing or sitting. While many view varicose veins as a purely cosmetic concern, they can also indicate underlying circulatory issues and, if left untreated, may lead to serious complications. Pain, swelling, and skin changes around the affected veins are warning signs that should not be ignored. Early diagnosis and proper management can help prevent the development of further health issues.
Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health cover, takes a closer look at what causes varicose veins, the symptoms to watch for, and when they may signal a more serious issue.
What Are varicose veins?
Varicose veins develop when the valves in the veins, usually in the legs, stop working properly, causing blood to flow backwards or pool, which stretches, bulges, and twists the veins beneath the skin. They often form after years of pressure on the lower body from standing, weight gain, or pregnancy. Varicose veins are most seen in people over 40, pregnant women, individuals who are overweight or obese, those with a family history of varicose veins, and workers who spend long hours on their feet, such as teachers, nurses, retail staff, and factory workers.
Signs and symptoms to look out for
While many people with varicose veins experience no pain, others may notice:
- Aching, throbbing, or heaviness in the legs.
- Burning or cramping at night.
- Swelling in the ankles or feet.
- Itching around the affected vein.
- Skin discolouration or dryness near the ankle.
- Restless legs or tiredness after standing.
These symptoms often worsen in the evening or after a long day on your feet and may improve with rest or elevation of the legs.
Are varicose veins dangerous?
Most varicose veins are harmless and manageable, but some can lead to complications, including:
- Chronic venous insufficiency – when veins can’t efficiently return blood to the heart, leading to swelling, ulcers, and skin changes.
- Venous ulcers – painful open sores that develop near the ankle, usually in severe or untreated cases.
- Superficial thrombophlebitis – inflammation and clotting in a surface vein, often causing pain and redness.
- Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) – a serious condition involving blood clots in deeper veins that can travel to the lungs (a medical emergency).
If you develop sudden leg pain, warmth, swelling, or redness, especially in one leg, seek immediate medical attention.
Prevention and management tips
While you can’t change factors like age or genetics, there are ways to prevent varicose veins from worsening or developing in the first place:
Try the following:
- Elevate your legs when resting.
- Avoid sitting or standing still for long periods.
- Maintain a healthy weight.
- Exercise regularly to improve circulation.
- Avoid tight clothing around the waist or thighs.
- Wear compression stockings if advised by your doctor.
- Stay hydrated and eat foods high in fibre to prevent constipation, which can increase pressure in the veins.
Many people see improvement through simple lifestyle changes, while others may need medical treatment, including laser therapy, vein injections, or surgery in more advanced cases.
When to see a doctor
You should seek medical advice if your varicose veins become painful, swollen, or tender, if you notice skin changes, such as discolouration or ulcers, or if the symptoms start to interfere with your daily activities or sleep. It’s also important to consult a doctor if you have a personal or family history of blood clots or if you’re pregnant and concerned about vein changes.
Varicose veins may start as a minor cosmetic annoyance, but they can grow into something far more serious if left untreated. Your legs carry you through life, so don’t ignore the signs that they’re struggling. With awareness, preventive care, and access to the proper medical support, you can reduce discomfort, prevent complications, and maintain strong circulation. If your veins are speaking up, it’s time to listen.
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